Codetown ::: a software developer's community
Class Family Accord - Abstract
An Accord class family is a hierarchy of classes for which another class hierarchy has been designated as corresponding. Class A0 is the top of the class family, class A1 extends A0, class An extends An-1.
The partner of this class family is B0 at the top, Bn extends Bn-1. Class family A and B are have an Accord relationship if, by design intention, An corresponds to Bn. In each level, there is at least one method that overrides or defines a variant with a behavior representative of the progression of requirements.
The intention of this design concept is to maintain this correspondence when, as requirements evolve, the design calls for extending An and Bn into An+1 and Bn+1. The reason for maintaining this relationship would be that A has new or refined behaviors that only make sense with reference to the state or behaviors of B at the same level.
To realize this relationship in the Java programming language, a designer could simply document the intention. However, coding would inevitably require explicit down cast to force references to the intended levels. This white paper suggests a set of Java annotations to make the Accord relationship between class families explicit and generate the necessary dispatch code and casts. The resulting generated code would in effect provide a parametric override capability.
At a minimum an annotation @Accord designates a class as the head or subclass in a class family. Its attribute has an attribute, partner, to identify the other class family. Methods that are intended to follow the progression are annotated as @Covariant. The effect is to make the method be a covariant override. Its parameter referring to a class at the same inheritance level in the partner family is treated a covariant. A prototype precompiler is (to be) provided for research purposes.
Codetown is a social network. It's got blogs, forums, groups, personal pages and more! You might think of Codetown as a funky camper van with lots of compartments for your stuff and a great multimedia system, too! Best of all, Codetown has room for all of your friends.
Created by Michael Levin Dec 18, 2008 at 6:56pm. Last updated by Michael Levin May 4, 2018.
Check out the Codetown Jobs group.
In this episode, Heroku co-founder and Ink & Switch founder Adam Wiggins argues for a 'local-first' architecture that reconciles cloud-based collaboration with the performance and data ownership of local software. He explores the role of CRDTs and version control primitives in non-code domains, and examines how a hybrid AI future might leverage local models for core productivity tasks.
By Adam Wiggins
This virtual panel brings together AI security experts to examine the evolution of AI-driven threats, from prompt injection and data poisoning to agent abuse and AI-powered social engineering. The discussion explores emerging attack patterns, incident response challenges, and the changes security teams must make as AI systems become more autonomous and integrated into critical workflows.
By Claudio Masolo, Elham Arshad, Sabri Allani, Vijay Dilwale, Igor Maljkovic
GitLab's 2026 AI Accountability Report highlights an AI Paradox: although 78% of developers say they code faster, overall software delivery has not accelerated due to downstream testing and review bottlenecks and new challenges for enterprise governance and traceability.
By Sergio De Simone
Currently available as a beta in Xcode 27, Swift 6.4 introduces a range of enhancements: better C interoperability, simplified OS availability check, fine-grained warning control, async support in defer, efficient iteration for non-noncopyable types, up to 4x faster URL parsing, and improved interoperability between Swift Testing and XCTest.
By Sergio De Simone
Amazon has released AWS FinOps Agent in public preview, a managed service that automates several common FinOps workflows. The agent can investigate cost anomalies, correlate spend changes with AWS activity data, and integrate with tools such as Slack and Jira to route findings to resource owners.
By Renato Losio
© 2026 Created by Michael Levin.
Powered by
You need to be a member of Codetown to add comments!
Join Codetown